Hematuria: Possible Causes
A wide range of problems can lead to blood in the urine. Some of the most common causes—such as kidney or bladder stones, enlargement of the prostate, and infection—are often easily treated. Other causes, such as cancer, are more serious. Some of the most common causes of hematuria are listed below.
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Stones are collections of crystals that form in the urine. Stones may be found anywhere in the urinary tract, particularly in the kidneys or bladder, and can sometimes cause severe pain.
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Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is an enlargement of the prostate gland that can happen as men age. BPH may cause problems with urination and, occasionally, pain.
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A urinary tract infection (UTI), caused by bacteria, can lead to inflammation in the bladder and urethra. UTIs are often accompanied by burning, fever, pain, and the frequent need to urinate.
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Damage to the urinary tract may be due to a blow or accident or the use of a catheter. Very strenuous exercise may sometimes irritate the urinary tract and cause bleeding.
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Cancer may occur anywhere in the urinary tract. A tumor in the urinary tract may sometimes cause no symptoms other than bleeding.
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Other Causes
Other causes of bleeding in the urinary tract include:
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Prostatitis (infection of the prostate gland)
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Anticoagulant medications
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Blockage of the urinary tract
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Disease or inflammation of the kidney
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Sickle cell anemia
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Occasionally, no cause can be identified. This is known as idiopathic hematuria.
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Publication Source:
Stoller, ML; Carroll, PR, Current Medical Diagnosis & Treatment, 45th ed., Chapter 23 - Urology, 2006, pp 935-936
Online Medical Reviewer:
Gomella, Leonard MD
Date Last Reviewed:
9/16/2005
Date Last Modified:
9/16/2005